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Care of patients with permanent indwelling urinary catheters - patient education material
Vachtová, Šárka ; Hromádková, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Klokočková, Šárka (referee)
This bachelor's thesis is focused on the topic of ,,Care of patients with permanent indwelling urinary catheters - patient education material''. The thesis consists of a theoretical and an empirical part. Objectives: The main aim of this thesis was to map out the theoretical and practical knowledge of nursing care in patients with an inserted permanent urinary catheter. Methods: Using the method of a questionnaire survey, we performed research of the foreknowledge of hospitalized patients with an inserted permanent urinary catheter in two hospitals - Motol University Hospital and Na Homolce Hospital. The total amount of respondents from both hospitals was 100. All gethered research was processed through statistical methods and interpreted using graphic charts. Results: From the results of predefined hypotheses, we found out the existence of correlation betwenn the patients awareness and their place of hospitalization. We have discovered if patients were able to manipulate correctly and independently with the urinary bag. Subsequently we performed a comparison between the two hospitals concernig patients awareness about hygienic care, the correct placement of urinary bag when walking, and the adherence to recommended daily water intake. Conclusion: In the conclusion of this thesis, we evaluated the...
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The observance of nursing processes during the care of vascular inputs focusing on the prevention of catheter infections.
TŘEŠNIČKOVÁ, Nikola
This bachelor's thesis on the topic ,,The observance of nursing processes during the care of vascular inputs focusing on the prevention of catheter infections" consists of a theoretical and a research part. The theoretical part focuses on vascular access in general and on individual peripheral and central catheters. Firstly, it provides information on nursing care for vascular access. The thesis also deals with infections associated with health care. And finally, the work informs about catheter infections, sepsis and septic shock. The research part was processed in the formo f qualitative research. The aim was to find out how nurses following nursing processes during the care of vascular inputs with a focus on the prevention of catheter infections. Five research questions were identified for this purpose. Qualitative data collection was realized by semi-structured interviews and covert observation. The research group consisted of ten nurses working in internal departments. The selection of informants was intentional and carried out using the snowball method. The results show that nurses have experience in nursing care of peripheral venous catheters rather than central venous catheters. The results also show that nurses have theoretical knowledge of the specifics of nursing care. However, based on observations, it was found that some nurses do not follow the specifics of nursing care. The results of bachelor's thesis research can be beneficial for all nurses across all departments. But they can be also used as information materiál for medical students.
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Complications of central venous catheters applications 2011 CDC guedelines
Šťastná, Monika ; Michálek, Pavel (advisor) ; Hocková, Jana (referee)
In the presented diploma thesis I deal with the issue of proper insertion of short-term central venous catheters, adherence to procedures by medical and non-medical staff according to CDC guidelines 2011 during insertion and subsequent treatment in intensive care in a faculty-type medical facility. The aim of the diploma thesis is to determine the occurrence of complications, especially infectious, the level of adherence to recommended procedures in practice according to 2011 CDC guidelines, central venous catheter manipulation, comparison of real activities with recommendations and mapping the level of knowledge of non-medical staff about short-term central venous catheters. The theoretical part deals with the importance of clinical guidelines, central venous catheter in general, complications associated with the central venous catheter and prevention of infectious complications of invasive inputs. For the empirical part of the diploma thesis, a prospective non- randomized observational study of cannulation and possible complications associated with a short- term central venous catheter according to CDC 2011 guidelines was chosen to determine real procedures for insertion, treatment and removal of a short-term central venous catheter. This was supplemented by an exploratory questionnaire survey of...
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Nursing process for client Stenosis of the internal carotid artery
Duštírová, Monika ; Kordulová, Pavla (advisor) ; Trávníčková, Ivana (referee)
Tématem bakalářské práce "Ošetřovatelský proces u klienta se stenózou arteria carotis interna" přibližuji problematiku a specifika pooperační péče u pacientů s touto diagnózou. Zúžení krční tepny na podkladě vytvoření aterosklerotického plátu je nejčastější příčinou cévní mozkové příhody. Nedostatečné prokrvení některých částí mozku může způsobit jeho poškození a vést k nezvratným změnám. Odstranění zúžení krční tepny patří k nejčastěji prováděným cévním operacím, v ČR je ročně odoperováno přibližně 1500 pacientů. V teoretické části mé závěrečné práce se zaměřuji na anatomii a fyziologii cévního řečiště mozku a tepenného systému. Zabývám se zde zúžením krční tepny, včasnou diagnostikou a bezpečnou léčbou, především chirurgickou. Podklady pro vypracování práce jsem získala vyhledáváním v databázích NLK, PubMed, Embase, Medvik a CINAHL apod. Dále jsem čerpala z internetových zdrojů profesních organizací a společností zabývající se touto problematikou. Zahrnuta byla i doporučení profesních organizací jako je ESVS - European Society for Vascular Surgery, SVN - Society of Vascular Nursing. METODIKA: Pro vypracování bakalářské práce jsem zvolila případovou studii pacienta se stenózou arteria carotis interna po chirurgickém operačním výkonu endarterektomii. Informace k vypracování bakalářské práce byly...
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Nursing Care of Infusion Lines
Šulcová, Martina ; Hošťálková, Monika (advisor) ; Hocková, Jana (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with issues of handling an infusion line. The thesis describes the infusion line, its components and an extra chapter is devoted needleless connectors. It also includes procedures of using infusion lines and needleless connectors which are recommended not only by The International Association of Infusion Nurses (INS), but also by The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The work also describes complications of nosocomial infections that are related to handling the infusion line. In the practical part, I have made the results of the survey, which was aimed at the servicing infusion lines. The questionnaire was completed by nurses and midwives at Podřipský hospital and the health centre in Roudnice nad Labem. From the obtained data, I have found out that 81.82% of respondents use when working with the infusion line needleless connectors. On the contrary bacterial filters in the catheter sepsis prevention are not used at all. Next I have found out that 98.18% of respondents carry out the hygienic disinfection of hands before using the infusion line.
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Selected nursing procedures in the development context
TURHOBROVÁ, Adéla
The development of medicine and technology related to the level of healthcare as a whole is historically accompanied with changes in nursing practices that have increased their demands over the years. This caused a specific need for the diversification of nursing activities and their specialization. The aim of this work is to map out specialized nursing processes of the field of internal medicine from their formation to the present, showing healthcare as a progressive sector, where new knowledge and technologies induce the need for new activities that the medical nursing staff must manage for the benefit of the patient. This basic objective will be documented in selected specialized nursing care activities divided into three professional sections - development of oxygen therapy, catheterization of the bladder and venous blood collection. The basis for the diploma thesis is the development of specialization of nursing practices on the basis of economic, political, cultural or religious influence. The results of the research show that the development of nursing practices has been constantly changing since their inception, not only in connection with the development and availability of quality aids, but also by the effort to create the most effective nursing process with regard to the needs of the patient as well as the non-medical medical staff. The diploma thesis also shows the professional competencies that have been added to the general nurses in the context of time. In the first part, dealing with the development of oxygen therapy, there is considerable interconnection of this process with the war period. There was also a significant difference in the distinctions in competences in the provision of oxygen therapy to nurses in the Czech Republic and abroad. Despite the fact that the non-medical healthcare professionals is currently preparing and subsequently applying Oxygen treatment on their own, they can only do so on the basis of a doctor's office. In contrast, for example, in the 1930s, in the USA, the nurse was regulating the oxygen alone within its competencies. The second part of the diploma thesis was oriented on the characteristics of the development of bladder catheterization. Particularly in this section is the development of nursing competencies, as it was just bladder catheterization, which in history was the sole competence of an experienced physician. The diploma thesis demonstrates not only the development of the procedure, the aids, the reduction of risks accompanying this method, but also the gradual assistance of the non-medical medical staff until the definition of the period when they are fully competent to perform this task. The last part of the diploma thesis is focused on the development of venous blood collection in order to obtain sufficient quantity for blood analysis. In this area, is not onlz the development of the nursing process in connection with the technique or aids, but also the necessity of observing the aseptic approach. The result of the presented work represents a significant contribution, because only with the knowledge of nursing techniques in the whole range, people can avoid mistakes from history. Also, the view of the selected nursing practice in the context of time brings knowledge of the inactivity of development and is thus the undisputed motivation of non-medical health personnel to participate in the constant innovation of nursing practices and thus to deepen the specialization and level of nursing care.
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: Time Requirement for Basic Nursing Care Procedures
SOUMAROVÁ, Iveta
A large number of nursing procedures are carried out in each ward in every hospital every day. In its theoretical part, this Bachelor thesis presents twenty basic procedures. The goal of the thesis was to find out what the most used nursing procedures are and to map the time consumption for individual nursing procedures. The quantitative research method was applied in the Bachelor thesis. Data were collected by measurement of time consumption of ten individual nursing procedures. These ten procedures were selected from a list of most used nursing procedures. Performance of the procedures was observed at the internal and surgical wards of the Hospital in České Budějovice. Both wards were observed over a 3-day span. Ten most often used nursing procedures were selected from the total number of procedures identical for both wards. Correctness of inclusion of the procedures was evaluated by the chi quadrat test in a contingency table. In addition, each of the ten most used procedures was measured ten times at each ward, from the preparation to the clean-up of instruments. The individual time values were averaged and presented along with conclusive deviations. A conformity with or difference in the time consumed was tested statistically by using the F or T test, where the applied significance level equals 5%. The research group was composed of the nurses and ancillary nursing personnel. Results are presented in graphs and tables. The following procedures differed in the individual wards: administration of medicines per os, serving of meals, venous blood sampling and blood pressure measurement. The bachelor thesis is focused on the time consumption for individual nursing procedures. The time consumption and the frequency of the individual procedures can serve as a base of explanation of the number of employees to the nursing management.
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Nursing practices internal medicine in context with the development.
POSPÍŠILOVÁ, Eva
Nursing methods are understood as a collection of knowledge and instructions about how to perform nursing in order to achieve the most effective nursing care. It's not a set of fixed rules. Their development relies on the development of medicine and technology. They are in accordance with medicinal and technological knowledge. The goal of this thesis is to map the development of certain nursing methods in internal departments from the second half of the 19th century to the present day. It has been a qualitative research carried out by studying and analyzing written documents. This thesis was based on searching, sorting and consequent processing of historical archived publications and contemporary professional sources related to this topic. The thesis is divided into two parts. The first part deals with the history of nursing. It contains a brief description of the beginning of nursing along with the factors which have influenced nursing. Foundations of modern nursing have formed thanks to Florence Nightingale, who also influenced the development of nursing in the Czech lands. The history of Czech nursing is mostly concentrated around the period of the world wars. The second part is dedicated to specific nursing activities concerning healthy living spaces, rooms for patients, patients? beds and their modifications, care of patients? hygiene and monitoring the vital functions. The timeframe begins at the first half of the 19th century due to the establishment of real nursing professions at that time. Individual stages are ten years long. They indicate complex development of specific nursing methods from their beginnings to the present day. Mapping the historical development of certain nursing methods can contribute to the modern nurse's work. Past knowledge can help them to avoid mistakes and use of outdated methods. My thesis may also lead to a reflection of current methods, which may be replaced by more advanced ones.
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Adherence to Health and Safety Regulations on the Part of the Students of General Nursing during Nursing Procedures.
KUŘÍMSKÁ, Yvette
Occupational safety and health is a broad area which makes part of a state policy. The aim of OSH is to make a system of rules protecting students gaining working experience, employees and employers. It endeavours to limit all negative aspects related to work performance or occupation. Observance of OSH rules is an indispensable part of work performance of all medical workers. That also applies to students of the study field General Nurse while performing their practical training, thus practice. Students get acquainted with the OSH issues in the first grade of studying in a subject called treating / caring procedures. Before taking up practical training they should be able to follow the OSH rules and understand consequences linked to their non-observance. The aim of this diploma thesis is to chart how the students of the field General Nurse keep the OSH rules and find out students´ knowledge in this area. The empirical part was carried out in a form of quantitative investigation. A questionnaire was used as a method to collect data and was meant for students of the second and third grades of the General Nurse study field. Results were compiled into graphs. Results of survey confirmed that the students keep the OSH rules. However, in the area of personal hygiene they are considerably irresponsible. Their knowledge concerning OSH is very good and the students are informed well. Based on the results a leaflet has been created and may be used as study or information resource for students of medical fields of study.
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